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Step-by-step guides and answers for filing with confidence — Making Tax Digital, Self Assessment, Corporation Tax, VAT and statutory accounts.

Corporation Tax
Other income on the CT600: annual payments, foreign dividends and taxed income (boxes 175 to 185)

Where annual payments, non-exempt dividends from overseas companies and income received net of Income Tax go on the CT600 - boxes 175, 180 and 185 in Tax Optimiser, with a worked example.

6 min read
Corporation Tax
CT600 box-by-box guide

What every box on the CT600 Company Tax Return means, how Tax Optimiser fills it, and where the figure comes from - with an entry for each box on the 2026 form.

28 min read
Corporation Tax
Non-trading intangibles and non-trade capital allowances on the CT600 (boxes 195, 265 and 290)

How non-trading gains and losses on intangible fixed assets and capital allowances against non-trade income reach the CT600 - boxes 195, 265, 290 and 830 on the Intangibles & Other Reliefs section.

6 min read
Corporation Tax
Accounting periods longer than 12 months: one set of accounts, two CT600 returns

When a company's accounts cover more than 12 months, Tax Optimiser keeps one set of statutory accounts but splits the Corporation Tax into two CT600 returns - the first 12 months and the remainder. How the split is decided, how profits, capital allowances and losses are divided, and how both returns are filed.

11 min read
Corporation Tax
Non-trade income and CT600 box 205: income not falling under any other heading

What belongs in CT600 box 205, how the Non Trade Income grid takes the income out of the trading profit and taxes it on its own line, and what each column does.

10 min read
Corporation Tax
Non-trade loan relationship debits and deficits: interest paid, boxes 260, 263 and 795

Interest on borrowing that is not for the trade - shares, let property, investments - is a non-trading loan relationship debit. How to move it out of the trade with the Non Trade Debit grid, and how a non-trading deficit is relieved in boxes 795, 260 and 263.

13 min read
Statutory Accounts
Statutory accounts: touring the View Accounts screen

Find your way around the View Accounts screen: the live preview, page links and the editing actions.

2 min read
Statutory Accounts
Full or filleted: what gets filed where

Two versions of one set of accounts: what filleting removes, where each version is filed, and how amended filings work.

2 min read
Statutory Accounts
Company information, dates, pages and addresses

The Company Information, Dates, Pages and Addresses windows - the descriptive details that appear throughout the document.

1 min read
Statutory Accounts
Directors and signing

Manage the directors list, sync it from Companies House, and designate who signs the balance sheet.

1 min read
Statutory Accounts
Notes for micro-entity (FRS 105) accounts

The four FRS 105 notes explained, including the mandatory average-employees figure and how note templates work.

2 min read
Statutory Accounts
Notes and policies for small-company (FRS 102 1A) accounts

How the note set grows under FRS 102 Section 1A, which notes fill themselves from the trial balance, and the accounting policies window.

2 min read
Statutory Accounts
Validation, signing and signed accounts

Clear the validation list, record who signed and when, and keep the signed copy on file - then you are ready to submit.

2 min read
Statutory Accounts
Choosing your accounts framework: FRS 105 vs FRS 102 Section 1A

How FRS 105 (micro-entity) and FRS 102 Section 1A (small company) accounts differ, and the size thresholds - including the higher limits from 6 April 2025 - that decide which one your company uses.

4 min read
Company Accounts
Preparing for April 2028: Companies House accounts changes

The Economic Crime and Corporate Transparency Act changes to accounts filing, now due on 1 April 2028, and what to check before then.

3 min read
Company Accounts
Your Companies House authentication code

The six-character code Companies House needs to accept your filing: where it comes from and where it goes in Tax Optimiser.

2 min read
Company Accounts
Filing dormant company accounts

What counts as dormant for Companies House, what dormant accounts contain, and how to file them with the Dormant Accounts Wizard.

3 min read
Company Accounts
Audit exemption for small companies and micro-entities

Who can skip an audit, when shareholders can insist on one, and the statement the directors must sign.

3 min read
Company Accounts
Companies House late filing penalties

The automatic penalty for filing accounts late: the bands, the doubling rule, extensions and appeals.

3 min read
Company Accounts
Companies House filing deadlines and your accounting reference date

When your accounts are due at Companies House, how the accounting reference date sets the deadline, and what happens when you change it.

4 min read
Corporation Tax
Chargeable gains on the CT600: disposals, capital losses and boxes 210 to 220

How a company is taxed on the sale of property, shares and other capital assets - recording disposals on the Chargeable Gains tab, using capital losses, and what goes in CT600 boxes 210, 215, 220 and 825.

10 min read
Corporation Tax
Double taxation relief on the CT600: foreign tax credit and box 450

How a company gets credit for foreign tax on its overseas income - adding sources on the Double Taxation Relief tab, how the credit is limited to the UK tax on each source, and what goes in CT600 boxes 450, 470 and 475.

7 min read
Corporation Tax
Carrying back a trading loss: the 12-month carry-back and terminal loss relief

How a company carries a trading loss back against earlier profits - the 12-month carry-back, three-year terminal loss relief when the trade stops, the Carry back to earlier periods panel, amending earlier returns, and CT600 boxes 45, 275, 280 and 780.

7 min read
Corporation Tax
Electric vans and zero-emission goods vehicles: the 100% allowance and CT600 box 723

The 100% first-year allowance for new electric vans and other zero-emission goods vehicles - who could claim it, its end for companies on 31 March 2025, how to record the vehicle in Tax Optimiser, and what goes in CT600 boxes 723, 748 and 760.

5 min read
Corporation Tax
Management expenses for investment companies: CT600 boxes 245, 255 and 850

How a company with investment business deducts its management expenses and the capital allowances on its investment-business assets - the Management Expenses tab, excess carried forward, and CT600 boxes 245, 255, 850 and 733.

7 min read
Corporation Tax
Non-trade loan relationship credits: interest received and CT600 box 170

Interest a company receives is a non-trading loan relationship credit, taxed in CT600 box 170 after netting against interest paid. When Tax Optimiser picks it up for you, when it does not, and how to fill in the Non Trade Credit grid.

12 min read
Corporation Tax
UK property income and losses (boxes 190 and 250)

Mark rental income and letting costs as UK property in the P & L, and Tax Optimiser reports the property business in boxes 190, 805 and 250 - separately from the trade.

6 min read
Corporation Tax
Corporation Tax: getting started

Enable the service, link Companies House, add your UTR and create your first accounting period.

2 min read
Corporation Tax
Getting your numbers in: the trial balance

Import from Xero, QuickBooks or a spreadsheet, or key the trial balance by hand - then make sure it balances.

4 min read
Corporation Tax
Building the Corporation Tax computation

Work through the calculation sections - disallowables, adjustments, donations and non-trade income - and watch the payable figure update live.

3 min read
Corporation Tax
Capital allowances: pools, additions and the AIA

Disallow depreciation, record your asset additions, and claim the Annual Investment Allowance.

3 min read
Corporation Tax
Trading losses: carry forward and carry back

Read the loss movement, record brought-forward and carried-back losses (pre- and post-2017), and let the carried-forward balance calculate itself.

6 min read
Corporation Tax
Reviewing the computation, accounts and CT600

Read the cross-referenced computation, finish the statutory accounts, and clear the validation checks.

2 min read
Corporation Tax
Submitting to HMRC and Companies House

Sign the accounts, clear the pre-flight checks, and file to HMRC and Companies House through the guided wizards.

2 min read
Corporation Tax
CT600L and R&D tax relief: the RDEC steps, box by box

The R&D supplementary page of the Company Tax Return: who has to file one, how the seven RDEC steps turn a claim into cash, and what every box from L5 to L210 means.

23 min read
Corporation Tax
CT600B: controlled foreign companies and hybrid mismatches, box by box

The controlled foreign company charge, the foreign branch exemption election and hybrid mismatch disclosures - how to complete the CT600B in Tax Optimiser and what every box from B1 to B85 means.

15 min read
Corporation Tax
CT600P and creative industries credits: AVEC, VGEC and the payable credit, box by box

AVEC, VGEC and the creative reliefs - how an expenditure credit becomes a payable credit, how to claim it in Tax Optimiser and what every box on the CT600P means.

20 min read
Corporation Tax
CT600 repayments: claiming a Corporation Tax refund, box by box

How a company gets money back from its Company Tax Return - R&D and creative credits paid in cash, Income Tax repaid, bank details - and what every CT600 repayment box from 860 to 970 means.

16 min read
Corporation Tax
CT600A and loans to participators: the S455 charge, box by box

Directors' loans, the 33.75% section 455 charge and the relief that cancels it - how to enter loans in Tax Optimiser and what every box on the CT600A means.

17 min read
Corporation Tax
Community Interest Companies: the CT600 and the CIC34 report

A Community Interest Company files the same CT600 and accounts as any company. The difference is the CIC34 report it sends to Companies House each year - here is how to prepare it in Tax Optimiser.

6 min read
Corporation Tax
Corporation Tax for a club, society or unincorporated association

A members' club or association files a CT600 but nothing at Companies House, and its members' income is not taxable. Here is the whole journey, from signing up to sending the return.

9 min read
Company Accounts
How to amend a set of accounts

Replace a set of accounts you've already filed: check the original went through, correct the figures, mark them as amended, fill in the revision detail Companies House requires, and re-file.

6 min read
Corporation Tax
Corporation Tax for a Charitable Incorporated Organisation (CIO)

A CIO files a CT600 but nothing at Companies House, and its SORP accounts go to HMRC as a PDF. Here is the whole journey, from signing up to sending the return.

9 min read
Corporation Tax
Corporation Tax for charities and CASCs (CT600E)

Set the organisation's Corporation Tax company type to Charity or CASC and the CT600E supplementary page appears, ready to complete and file with the CT600.

4 min read
MTD ITSA
Getting started with MTD ITSA

What Making Tax Digital for Income Tax is, the four-step setup on your dashboard, and the difference between demo mode and live mode.

2 min read
MTD ITSA
Your details and National Insurance Number

Where your personal details go, and why your National Insurance Number is required before any submission.

1 min read
MTD ITSA
Connecting to HMRC

How to authorise Tax Optimiser to talk to HMRC, the difference between an individual and an agent connection, and when to reconnect.

1 min read
MTD ITSA
Your businesses

How Tax Optimiser retrieves your income sources from HMRC, the three business types, and what each business holds.

1 min read
MTD ITSA
Business settings: accounting type and quarterly periods

The per-business settings that shape how figures are reported: cash or accruals accounting, standard or calendar quarters, and full or consolidated expenses.

2 min read
MTD ITSA
Keeping digital records: the spreadsheet upload

How quarterly figures get into Tax Optimiser: uploading a spreadsheet, the full and consolidated example templates, and mapping your own cells.

2 min read
MTD ITSA
Quarterly updates: sending an update to HMRC

Sending a quarterly update: reading the values, confirming the declaration, and amending a quarter after it has gone.

1 min read
MTD ITSA
Annual adjustments: finishing the year

The end-of-year additions - dividends, foreign income, pensions, reliefs - that complete the year before your tax is worked out.

1 min read
MTD ITSA
Your tax calculation

Asking HMRC to work out the tax on what you have reported, the three kinds of calculation, and how to read the result.

1 min read
MTD ITSA
The final declaration and managing tax years

The once-a-year declaration that crystallises your tax bill, what must be done first, and how to re-open a year to amend it.

1 min read
Partnership Returns (Beta)
Partnership (SA800) returns in Tax Optimiser (beta)

Prepare and file SA800 Partnership Tax Returns for LLP and partnership clients: a six-step wizard, self-calculating boxes, the official form as a PDF, and direct HMRC filing.

2 min read
Partnership Returns (Beta)
Getting started with SA800 returns

Where the LLP (SA800) menu appears, what the returns list shows, and what New Partnership Period prefills for you.

2 min read
Partnership Returns (Beta)
SA800 details, declarations and the page 2 questions

The Details step: partnership name and live-checked UTR, boxes 3.1/3.2, period dates, the agent and amended-return declarations, and the page 2 questions.

2 min read
Partnership Returns (Beta)
SA800 trading income and expenses

The full SA800 income and expenses page: entering income and expense totals, capital allowances, and how the calculated boxes 3.65 and 3.73 drive the rest of the return.

2 min read
Partnership Returns (Beta)
The SA800 balance sheet

Boxes 3.99 to 3.115: assets, liabilities and the partners' accounts, with all three totals calculated and a built-in way to check the sheet balances.

1 min read
Partnership Returns (Beta)
The Partnership Statement: partners and profit shares

Adding partners, boxes 6-12, entering each partner's share, and the live checks: the allocation-vs-return warning and the UTR check that prevents error 8205.

2 min read
Partnership Returns (Beta)
SA800 supplementary pages (SA801-SA804)

Land & Property, Foreign, Chargeable Assets and Savings on one screen - each page files only when it carries figures, and SA801's net position calculates itself.

1 min read
Partnership Returns (Beta)
Reviewing, printing and submitting the SA800

The review summary and its two warnings, printing the official SA800 form, what Submit really does (sign, send, poll), and handling rejections and amendments.

2 min read
Self Assessment (Beta)
Self Assessment tax returns in Tax Optimiser (beta)

Prepare and file full SA100 Self Assessment returns for clients not in MTD — with a live tax calculation — from inside Tax Optimiser. Beta access via support@taxoptimiser.co.uk.

2 min read
Self Assessment (Beta)
Getting started with a client's return

Opening a client's first Self Assessment year, the pre-filled personal details, choosing the return's pages with Add Section, and the save-as-you-go model.

2 min read
Self Assessment (Beta)
Entering income: employment, self-employment, property and investments

Entering the return's income pages: multiple employments, self-employment short and full pages, UK property, and interest and dividends — with the HMRC box references on every field.

2 min read
Self Assessment (Beta)
Reliefs, student loans and the rest of the return

Pension contributions, Gift Aid, Marriage Allowance, the High Income Child Benefit Charge, student loan plans, and the return's closing boxes.

2 min read
Self Assessment (Beta)
The tax calculation and the SA302 PDF

The live SA302-style calculation: the staged statement, the band-by-band breakdown, PAYE coding adjustments and the claim to reduce payments on account, warnings, and the downloadable SA302 PDF.

3 min read
Self Assessment (Beta)
Submitting the return to HMRC

Filing a prepared return: the five pre-flight checks, the declaration, what happens during submission, and reading the submission history.

2 min read
Self Assessment (Beta)
Amending an accepted return

Accepted years lock; Reopen for amendment files a replacement return. The amendment deadline, rejections, and chasing stuck submissions.

1 min read
Self Assessment (Beta)
The supplementary pages: partnership, foreign income, trusts, capital gains and more

Partnership shares, foreign income with FTCR, trust and estate income, capital gains, residence status and the SA101 pages — how each supplementary schedule is entered and calculated.

4 min read
Integrations
Connect Tax Optimiser to Sodium Practice Management

Generate a Sodium API key, paste it into your firm settings, pick your practice, and sync your limited-company clients into Tax Optimiser in one click.

2 min read
Company Accounts
How to create an accounting period

Every set of accounts and every CT600 hangs off an accounting period. Here is how the system creates them for you automatically from Companies House, and how to add one by hand when you need to.

4 min read
Corporation Tax
How to create an accounting period

Every set of accounts and every CT600 hangs off an accounting period. Here is how the system creates them for you automatically from Companies House, and how to add one by hand when you need to.

4 min read
Accountant Workflow
The accountant workflow: from firm setup to filed accounts and CT600

The map of the journey: set your firm's filing credentials once, then create each client and file accounts and Corporation Tax through the two wizards.

1 min read
Accountant Workflow
Firm settings for filing: Presenter ID and Government Gateway

Where the firm's Presenter ID and Government Gateway login live, what each one is, and how to obtain a Presenter ID.

2 min read
Accountant Workflow
Creating client organisations: lookup or by name

Two ways to add a client: search the live Companies House register, or create by name and fill the company number in yourself.

2 min read
Accountant Workflow
Whose credentials file what: firm vs organisation

The Gateway login is firm-wide with a per-client override; the Presenter ID is firm-only for firm-managed clients. Here are the rules, the override, and the errors.

2 min read
Accountant Workflow
Sending statutory accounts to Companies House

Filing a client's accounts as a firm: credits instead of per-period fees, the firm's presenter credentials, and the pre-flight checks before the wizard sends.

2 min read
Accountant Workflow
Sending the CT600 to HMRC

Filing the CT600 for a client: the UTR and Gateway login it needs, what the warnings mean, and the final confirmations before sending.

2 min read
Accountant Workflow
Preparing the period: trial balance, accounts and the Corporation Tax computation

Every period follows the same three stages before you can file: get the trial balance in, build and review the accounts, and build the Corporation Tax computation. Here's the map.

3 min read
Company Accounts
Import a trial balance from a spreadsheet

Bring a year's figures in from Xero, Sage 50 or any spreadsheet, map them to HMRC and Companies House-ready accounts with AI help, and make it balance.

7 min read
VAT
Reconnect to HMRC (and fix the "wrong account" message)

Renew your HMRC connection in two minutes, and sort out the "incorrect Government Gateway account" message.

3 min read
VAT
VAT: getting started

Switch on the VAT service, enter your VAT registration number and find your way around.

1 min read
VAT
Map your spreadsheet in VAT Settings

Tell Tax Optimiser which sheet and cells of your spreadsheet hold the nine VAT-return boxes.

2 min read
VAT
Connect to HMRC and find your VAT periods

Practise the HMRC connection in demo mode, then grant authority for real and let your periods flow in.

2 min read
VAT
Upload your VAT figures

Drag your spreadsheet onto the open period and check the nine boxes it fills.

2 min read
VAT
Send your return and keep the receipt

Accept the declaration, get HMRC's acceptance back and keep the receipt as proof of filing.

2 min read
VAT
Liabilities, payments and the quarterly cycle

Track what HMRC says you owe and have paid, and settle into the quarterly routine.

2 min read
Company Accounts
Adding your Companies House Number and applying for a Presenter ID to file Statutory Accounts

Learn how to enter your firm's Companies House Presenter ID and Auth in TaxOptimiser, and how to apply for credentials if you don't yet have them.

1 min read
Tax & accounting jargon?
Browse plain-English definitions in the A–Z Glossary.
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Documents & templates
Download user guides and sample VAT spreadsheets.
Open Documents →